American Realty Investors, Inc

American Realty Investors, Inc. (ARL) is a Nevada corporation that owns and operates income-producing real estate, primarily multifamily apartment communities and commercial properties (mainly office), concentrated in secondary markets across the Southern United States. The company is externally advised and managed, with day-to-day investment, financing and asset management performed under an advisory agreement by Pillar Income Asset Management, Inc., and property operations handled by third-party property managers (including Regis Realty Prime for certain commercial assets). ARL also invests opportunistically in land held for appreciation or future development and in mortgage notes receivable, including seller-financed notes when it disposes of assets. Substantially all operations are conducted through its majority-owned subsidiary Transcontinental Realty Investors, Inc. (TCI), which in turn controls Income Opportunity Realty Investors, Inc. (IOR).

12,4 %

31,4 %

+5,7 %

— American Realty Investors, Inc
%
Multifamily properties70% Ownership and operation of apartment communities generating rental and ancillary income.
Commercial properties (primarily office)25% Leasing of office and other commercial space plus related tenant services such as parking and storage.
Notes receivable and other real estate-related investments3% Interest income and recoveries from mortgage notes receivable and seller-financed notes tied to real estate collateral.
Land and development activities2% Land held for appreciation or development and occasional development/redevelopment projects and land sales.

ARL’s core customers are residential tenants leasing units in its multifamily communities, where demand is driven by...

  • Multifamily residential tenantsprimary

    Lease apartment units and pay rents plus ancillary fees (e.g., parking/storage) for housing in ARL’s markets.

  • Office and commercial tenantsprimary

    Lease office/commercial space and related services; demand depends on local business conditions and leasing terms.

  • Notes receivable borrowers (including related parties)secondary

    Pay interest/principal on notes collateralized by land and/or multifamily properties; credit and collateral performance drive returns.

  • Land buyers and development counterpartiesemerging

    Purchase land parcels or participate in development/joint venture structures when ARL monetizes or develops land holdings.

ARL’s property portfolio is located throughout the Southern United States, with an emphasis on secondary markets rather...

  • Operations concentrated in the Southern United States
  • Focus on secondary markets rather than gateway metros
  • Local economic cycles drive occupancy and rent growth
  • Exposure to regional office demand in commercial segment
  • Land sales/development timing can create uneven period results

ARL’s stated strategy is to maximize long-term stockholder value by acquiring, developing and owning income-producing...

01
Concentrate investment in income-producing multifamily propertieslong-term

Multifamily is the core earnings driver and aligns with long-term hold strategy in targeted markets.

02
Active asset management and cost control to protect cash flowmedium-term

Property-level operating performance determines ability to service debt, fund capex and sustain distributions.

03
Capital recycling and liquidity management via dispositions and refinancingshort-term

Real estate is illiquid and debt maturities/capex needs may require asset sales or refinancing.

04
Use property-level financing with HUD-insured loans where availablemedium-term

HUD-backed loans can reduce interest cost and extend maturities, improving project economics.

ARL’s results are sensitive to real estate cycles that affect occupancy, rent levels, tenant credit and property...

high

Leasing and tenant credit risk across multifamily and office assets

Inability to lease/renew space or collect rent reduces NOI and can pressure property values and liquidity.

Scope
Property-level cash flows; higher sensitivity in office assets
Materiality
high
medium

Asset illiquidity and forced-sale risk

Real estate cannot be sold quickly; if cash is needed, assets may be sold at discounts and with debt extinguishment costs.

Scope
Liquidity management and capital recycling
Materiality
medium
medium

External management and key-person dependence

The company has no employees and relies on Pillar for investment, financing and asset management execution.

Scope
Advisory agreement and related-party manager
Materiality
medium
medium

Cybersecurity and IT disruption

Cyber-attacks could compromise data, disrupt systems and damage reputation and financial condition.

Scope
IT networks and databases used in operations and reporting
Materiality
medium
low

Joint venture and partnership governance risk

Partners may have conflicting objectives, restrict transfers, or become insolvent, leaving remaining partners liable.

Scope
Unconsolidated ventures and co-investments
Materiality
low
Impairment of long-lived real estate assets
Non-cash charges can materially reduce net income and asset carrying values
Revenue recognition and collectability (tenant receivables)
Impacts NOI and period-to-period revenue comparability
Capitalization of costs and estimates for CAM/taxes
Affects operating expense ratios, NOI and cash flow presentation
ASC 820 fair value measurements
Affects disclosures and any fair-value-based measurements

: 11/08/2026