Federal Agricultural Mortgage Corporation
Federal Agricultural Mortgage Corp. (Farmer Mac) is a federally chartered secondary-market institution that provides liquidity and credit enhancement for agricultural and rural infrastructure lending in the United States. It buys and guarantees eligible loans and securities, issues Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities, and offers servicing, LTSPCs, and wholesale funding solutions to lenders and investors.
Fiscal year 2025 · change from previous year
Development 2020–2025
Business
Share of revenueSecondary-market purchases, guarantees, and servicing for farm, ranch, and agribusiness credit.
Financing for power, utilities, broadband, renewable energy, and related infrastructure assets.
Treasury and debt funding activities used to finance assets and manage liquidity.
Investment portfolio and related treasury income supporting earnings and liquidity.
Customers
Farmer Mac primarily serves lenders and financial institutions that originate agricultural and rural infrastructure loans and want to sell, guarantee, or fund those assets in the secondary market. It also serves institutional investors that buy Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities, plus borrowers in agriculture, food supply chains, utilities, broadband, and renewable energy who benefit indirectly from improved lender liquidity and credit capacity.
Banks, Farm Credit institutions, and other originators that sell eligible farm, ranch, and agribusiness loans or use guarantees to free up capital.
Utilities, cooperative lenders, and finance partners that originate or securitize power, broadband, and renewable energy loans.
Investors that purchase Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities for yield and government-sponsored credit structure.
End borrowers that benefit from lenders' improved liquidity, lower capital usage, and broader access to credit.
Strategy
Farmer Mac is expanding its platform in agricultural and infrastructure finance while investing in technology, servicing, and operating infrastructure to scale more efficiently. Management also emphasizes funding flexibility and natural hedges against interest-rate volatility, since its secondary-market model depends on access to debt markets and stable execution.
Improves scalability, data quality, and operating efficiency as the portfolio grows.
Broadband, utilities, and renewable energy create new secondary-market opportunities beyond agriculture.
Competitive debt funding is essential to maintain liquidity, pricing, and market share.
Geography
Farmer Mac's business is overwhelmingly U.S.-focused, with lending and collateral tied to agricultural regions and rural infrastructure across the country. Its portfolio exposure is organized by U.S. regions such as Northwest, Southwest, Mid-North, Mid-South, Northeast, and Southeast, which matters because commodity mix, weather, and regional credit conditions drive performance.
Risks
Farmer Mac is exposed to credit, counterparty, interest-rate, and capital-markets risk because its model depends on buying, guaranteeing, and funding agricultural and infrastructure assets. Its concentrated customer base, reliance on third-party servicers, and sensitivity to policy, trade, and weather-related shocks can all affect asset performance and access to funding.
- Credit and counterparty riskImpact: HighLikelihood: Medium
Loan and security performance depends on borrower quality, commodity conditions, and counterparty behavior.
Exposure: Agricultural Finance and Infrastructure Finance portfolios
- Access to capital marketsImpact: HighLikelihood: Medium
The company funds assets and refinances debt through U.S. debt and equity markets.
Exposure - Interest-rate riskImpact: HighLikelihood: Medium
Rate changes affect prepayments, loan demand, funding costs, and net interest spread.
Exposure - Policy and geopolitical riskImpact: MediumLikelihood: Medium
Trade, tax, regulatory, and geopolitical changes can affect agriculture and infrastructure demand.
Exposure - Servicing and operational riskImpact: MediumLikelihood: Low
Farmer Mac relies on internal and third-party servicers for loan administration and collections.
Exposure
Accounting
Judgemental itemsManagement uses significant unobservable inputs and discounted cash flow models.
Impact: Can materially affect reported assets, equity, and comprehensive income
The company reported $6.7 billion of instruments valued without readily observable market inputs.
Impact: Estimation uncertainty can move fair value gains/losses and disclosures
Loss estimates depend on regional, commodity, and collateral performance.
Impact: Affects allowance, earnings, and portfolio quality metrics
Changes in the value or composition of securities can flow through OCI or earnings.
Impact: Can affect capital levels and reported volatility
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Last updated: 24/09/2026